Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is located on Manila Bay in the southwestern part of the island of Luzon in the north of the country. Because it was the base of colonial rule by Spain and the United States, Manila was one of the first cities in Asia to become known as a vibrant, Westernized city. The old walled city of Intramuros, located in the center of the city, was a fierce battleground at the end of the Pacific War and was long abandoned, but the restoration of the old town has made it a tourist attraction. The Catholic Cathedral of Manila and Fort Santiago, built by the Spanish army, are located here, and the Rizal Park, where the monument to independence leader Jose Rizal stands to the south, is the site of a national assembly.